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Coltesti Citadel

Coltesti Citadel

Coltesti citadel was built at the end of the 13th century as a place of living and refugee by Thorczkay, on the West of Coltesti from Alba county. The citadel was built as a result of the Tartars invasion in 1241, when significant damage has been produced to Rimetea and Coltesti. The dating of the citadel is precise also because of the fact that on the Northern tower it is found an inscription that mentions Thoroczkay family and the moment of its building.

 
Dăbâca Citadel

Dăbâca Citadel

Dabaca Citadel used to be a regal citadel and the residence of Dabaca comitee, part of the Hungarian Kingdom, having an important role in the History of Transylvania between the 10-14th centuries. According to the archeologists it was partially built on an older settlement in the 9th century and had around ditches for defending, also having a four sided tower and a 3,2 meters wall that were destroyed during the Tartar invasions.

 
Suceava Citadel

Suceava Citadel

The Suceava Citadel, situated in the Eastern side of the town was built 70 m high from the meadow, offering the possibility to keep an eye on the entire area. The citadel was part of fortification system built at the end of the 14th century because of the Ottoman threatening. The citadel built by Petru 1 Musat had stoned walls and deep ditches. The first mentioning of the citadel dates from 10th of  February 1388, in a document of the Moldovian emperor Petru I, document through which the King of Poland was asking for a borrowing and was offering as a guarantee the Pocutia province.

 
Deva Citadel

Deva Citadel

Deva citadel was built in the 13th century on the ruins of a daco-roman fortification during the kingdom of Bela the 4th. The first documentary attesting of the citadel dates from 1269 in an act emitted by Stefan, duke of Transylvania, in which is remembered the Deva castrum, and starting with 1307 the citadel became the emperor’s residence. The citadel was also a military fortress, being transformed by Iancu of Hunedoara in a Noble castle (1453) and refortified successively between the 16 an 18th centuries, becoming one of the strongest from Transylvania.

 
Enisala Citadel

Enisala Citadel

Enisala citadel is found close to the town having the same name, being situated on a hill in the area of Razim and Badabag lakes. It was built having a military, defensive purpose and to watch the roads on the water and on land, in the second half of the 14th century. As the historical evidences show the citadel was built for the controlling of the naval traffic, having by those times the navigation monopoly on the Black Sea Coast.

 
Feldioara Citadel

Feldioara Citadel

Fedioara Citadel was built by the Teutons between 1211-1225, and in 1457 it was transformed in peasants’ citadel because of the damage suffered during the Campaign of Vlad Tepes.

The Teutons settled in this area on the will of the Hungarian King Andrei the 2nd, having the purpose of protecting the territories of the kingdom from the Cumans invasions. Therefore they built Feldioara citadel, that was having the name Marienbutg and meant “Maria’s town”. The actual name comes from the Hungarian word „földvár ” and means “citadel made of mud”.

 
Gherla Citadel

Gherla Citadel

The Gherla citadel was built by Domenico of Bologna, on the order of the Oradea episcope Gheorghe Martinuzzi, between 1540-1551, on the right shore of Somesul Mic, close to Gherla village, which is now a municipal. The citadel is surrounded by a ditch with water, having the form of a quadrangle with defending bastions on the corners, surrounded by 3-4 meters walls, was built from the ruins of Ungurasului Citadel. The first documentary mention s dating from 1291, when it appears with the name of Ghelahida. In the 17th and 18th centuries there were colonized Armens in Gherla and the town became an important handicraft centre. In 1700 there was founded the town, being applied the pre-established plan of it, that was brought from Rome by Oxendius Varzarescu.

 
The Giurgiu Citadel

The Giurgiu Citadel

The first mentioning of the Giurgiu Citadel dates from the beginning of the 15th century, being named Zorio. As it was a fortified town, Giurgiu had an important role in the wars between Romanians and Turkeys, and then in the wars between Turkeys and Russians.  Still, in 1403 the citadel was functional, supposing that it had been repaired between 1396 and 1403, following that as a result of Mehmed’s the 2nd offensive to be again the possession of the Turkeys in 1420 and to be made new reparations. It is recovered in 1427.

 
Liteni Citadel

Liteni Citadel

Liteni Citadel, also named Géczy Citadel or Lita Citadel, is a medieval citadel, built on a cliff, above Iara Valley, situated 3 km South-Eastern from Liteni- Cluj county. The first attesting of the citadel dates from 1324, being rememberd with the name “Castrum Leta”. Sigismund of Luxemburg gave it as a gift to Cluj, and later divided the lordships of the citadel in 3 parts: to Jackcs János, to a judge called Vana and to the voivode of Beius, László. After his death Sigismund of Luxemburg the citadel became property of Losonczi Dezső, and after 1441 the property of Herepei Márk and so on. As a result of an explosion in the deposits of the gunpowder in the undergrounds of the citadel, on 12 february 1562, it was seriously damaged. In 1569 it becomes possession of Géczi János, who built it, his succesors living here almost one century.

 
Malaiesti Citadel

Malaiesti Citadel

Malaiesti citadel is situated between the valley having the same name and Domneasca Valley, on a little height in the West. First there was built a donjon-tower with rectangular basis, 11 meters high, beeing separated by 3 levels. At the end of the 14th century it was built, by the dukes from Salasu de Sus, the ruins of the donjon can still be admired nowadays. The tower had a defending and living role, having thick walls and narrow windows and was relatively easy to defend. The entrance was situated on the second level, on the western side, being situated above the ground level, and it had a wood scale that was taken into in case of danger. The building had the shape of an irregular ellipse, being built around the tower in the 15th century. In its interior there was the guarding road.

 

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